The Processes of Peacemaking and Peacebuilding.

The term "peacemaking" is used in several different ways. According to the UN, peacemaking is "action to bring hostile parties to agreement, essentially through such peaceful means as those foreseen in Chapter VI of the Charter of the United Nations; Pacific Settlement of Disputes."[1] In this sense, peacemaking is the diplomatic effort intended to move a violent conflict into nonviolent dialogue, where differences are settled through representative political institutions.

The objective of peacemaking is thus to end the violence between the contending parties. Peacemaking can be done through negotiation, mediation, conciliation, and arbitration. International law provides another channel through international courts.[2]

For example, the jews during the holocaust lived thought a very tough time as shown in the movie Schindler’s List. They were forced to work very long hours. They were given very little food. They had to sleep on hard and cramped wooden bunks. The bathrooms were just holes in a piece of wood that covered a pit where all the waste went. Here is no respect for people, who are human beings entitled to choose their destiny.

"Invictus" is a poem filled with the interpretations and vision of the author. It was written by the great William Ernest Henley in 1875. The word invictus itself, is Latin for "unconquerable". This theme is carried on throughout the poem in stanza's, most obviously, "for my unconquerable soul." The theme is derivative from the experiences Henley was going through at the time he wrote this classic. The sickness that wracked his body, tuberculosis, and his battle with it, inspired "Invictus". Henley had been diagnosed with tuberculosis at the young age of twelve. His foot had become infected and therefore was amputated. Although advised by surgeons, Henley refused to have his other foot suffer the same fate. Henley lived a full life until the age of fifty-six. The poem was written while Henley was still hospitalized.

The last paragraph of this poem Henley finishes powerfully. "It matters not how straight the gait" meaning it didn't matter how confined, strict or one-way it had seemed. "How charged with punishments the scroll" meaning no matter how many times his actions may have backfired, his regret for his decisions or what the consequences were for his choices. "I am the master of my fate: I am the captain of my soul." He was the one in control. He could change the outcomes, he was(in control) *said this shortly before* of his own future. Henley would not give into his tuberculosis, he would change his fate and fight with his strength. He knew who he was and he would conquer his demons. who are human beings entitled to choose their destiny.